Bajtek - Revision history

Swolicki: Some more corrections

2016-05-30T21:21:59Z

Some more corrections

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:21, 30 May 2016
Line 3:		Line 3:
	== History ==		== History ==
	[[image:Bajtek_01_85.jpg\|right\|thumb\|First issue of Bajtek]]		[[image:Bajtek_01_85.jpg\|right\|thumb\|First issue of Bajtek]]
	Bajtek was started in 1985 by Władysław Majewski, an editor of "Przegląd - Komputer", which was an insertion added to "Przegląd Techniczny". The first issue would be published by "Krajowe Wydawnictwo Czasopism", but because it was started 'ad hoc', it didn't have paper allowance (Dear Reader, please remember that at this time Poland was a communist country), so it had to borrow paper. ~~The~~ "Sztandar Młodych" (Youth Banner), the newspaper of ZMP (Polish Youth Association - an organ of the communist party for the young communists) decided to lend paper for Bajtek, and the first issue could be printed. It was followed by three other issues during the year 1985 and all 200,000 copies were sold on the spot.		Bajtek was started in 1985 by Władysław Majewski, an editor of "Przegląd - Komputer", which was an insertion added to "Przegląd Techniczny". The first issue would be published by "Krajowe Wydawnictwo Czasopism", but because it was started 'ad hoc', it didn't have paper allowance (Dear Reader, please remember that at this time Poland was a communist country), so it had to borrow paper. "Sztandar Młodych" (Youth Banner), the newspaper of ZMP (Polish Youth Association - an organ of the communist party for the young communists) decided to lend paper for Bajtek, and the first issue could be printed. It was followed by three other issues during the year 1985 and all 200,000 copies were sold on the spot.

	The "Sztandar Młodych" ~~editor~~ liked the idea of a computer magazine ~~addressed at~~ the young computer enthusiasts (rather than at computer scientists - as all other Polish computer magazines, at that time did), so much, that he decided to take it over.		The editor of "Sztandar Młodych" liked the idea of a computer magazine addressing the young computer enthusiasts rather than computer scientists - as all other Polish computer magazines at that time did - so much that he decided to take it over.

	[[image:Bajtek 01 86.jpg\|right\|thumb\|First full-color issue of Bajtek. Also notice the new logo]]		[[image:Bajtek 01 86.jpg\|right\|thumb\|First full-color issue of Bajtek. Also notice the new logo]]
	In the fall of 1985, the editor of "Sztandar Młodych" Aleksander Kwaśniewski (who will later became President of Poland) became "minister do spraw młodzieży" (Youth ~~minister? minister in matter of youth? Blah, communistic 'nomenclature' is really hard to translate and my English ain't good too~~), and his first decision was to make Bajtek a part of the "Sztandar Młodych" publishing house. From 1986 to 1989 Bajtek was published by "Sztandar Młodych".		In the fall of 1985, the editor of "Sztandar Młodych" Aleksander Kwaśniewski, who will later became President of Poland, became "minister do spraw młodzieży" (Minister of Youth Affairs), and his first decision was to make Bajtek a part of the "Sztandar Młodych" publishing house. From 1986 to 1989 Bajtek was published by "Sztandar Młodych".

	In the year 1989, thanks to the 'Round Table', there were many changes in Poland. One of the most important was the closing of the Office of Censorship and stopping of the press regulation. With that (and many other changes), Bajtek was separated from the "Sztandar Młodych" and continued on its own, published by Bajtek Publishing House, a co-operative started by Bajtek's redactors. It ran until 1996, when bankruptcy of Agrobank brought Bajtek Publishing House to its knees, eventually bankrupting it too.		In the year 1989, thanks to the 'Round Table', there were many changes in Poland. One of the most important was the closing of the Office of Censorship and stopping of the press regulation. With that and many other changes, Bajtek was separated from the "Sztandar Młodych" and continued on its own, published by Bajtek Publishing House, a co-operative started by Bajtek's redactors. It ran until 1996, when bankruptcy of Agrobank brought Bajtek Publishing House to its knees, eventually bankrupting it too.

	== Bajtek and CPC ==		== Bajtek and CPC ==

	At the beginning, Bajtek had mainly articles about computers from "private import" (more communistic 'nomenclature'), particularly about ZX Spectrum, which became quite popular in Poland in the first half of the 80's, mainly because of its price. In the 1986, there was an advent of 'clans' - sections of Bajtek, each dedicated to only one machine/producer (all Ataris, all Commodores and so on).		At the beginning, Bajtek had mainly articles about computers from "private import" (more communistic 'nomenclature'), particularly about ZX Spectrum, which became quite popular in Poland in the first half of the 80's, mainly because of its price. In the 1986, there was an advent of 'clans' - sections of Bajtek, each dedicated to only one machine/producer (all Ataris, all Commodores and so on).

	By that time, the popularity of the CPC in Poland was rising. That was to the simple fact, that CPCs were (thanks to CP/M+ and 80 column mode) considered a cheap alternative to IBM PC and other 'professional machines'. Personally, I've heard about CPC applications in scientific calculations, which on its own shows how this trend was strong. That was because even institutions (like universities) couldn't ~~allow themselves~~ buying substantial amounts of PCs. Poland was at that time very poor country and high currency exchange rates added to the problem. Also, there was COCOM, which meant that really big machines were out of reach.		By that time, the popularity of the CPC in Poland was rising. That was to the simple fact that CPCs were (thanks to CP/M+ and 80 column mode) considered a cheap alternative to IBM PC and other 'professional machines'. Personally, I've heard about CPC applications in scientific calculations, which on its own shows how this trend was strong. That was because even institutions (like universities) couldn't afford buying substantial amounts of PCs. Poland was at that time a very poor country and high currency exchange rates added to the problem. Also, there was Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls (COCOM), which meant that really big machines were out of reach.

	Moreover, the built-in Centronics port of the Schneiders ~~allowed~~ very easy producing of so called "publikacje bezdebitowe" ("debitless" publications). "Debit" is a word from French meaning "to sell", "place of selling" and "bez-" is a Polish prefix for "without". At that time, if you wanted to distribute your publication, you had to have a "debit", ~~an allowance~~ from the Office of Censorship. So, in short, "bezdebitowe" or "debitless" publications were illegal papers distributed by the underground political organizations. As they usually were produced in quantities of around 200 copies, a CPC with a good NLQ printer and possibly a copier was all you needed to fight with communism. Needless to say, CPC became quite popular in the underground.		Moreover, the built-in Centronics port of the Schneiders enabled very easy producing of so called "publikacje bezdebitowe" ("debitless" publications). "Debit" is a word from French meaning "to sell", "place of selling" and "bez-" is a Polish prefix for "without". At that time, if you wanted to distribute your publication, you had to have a "debit", a consent from the Office of Censorship. So, in short, "bezdebitowe" or "debitless" publications were illegal papers distributed by the underground political organizations. As they usually were produced in quantities of around 200 copies, a CPC with a good NLQ (near-letter quality) printer and possibly a copier was all you needed to fight with communism. Needless to say, CPC became quite popular in the underground.

	Thanks to that, CPC was noticed by Bajtek and the "Klan Amstrada/Schneidera", a clan for the CPC and PCW computers was formed. Unfortunately, because of the typical profile of Polish CPC users, a Polish "scene" never formed, so there were no authors in the CPC clan who could portray the "Colour in CPC". Most articles were about practical applications of CPC and PCW.		Thanks to that, CPC was noticed by Bajtek and the "Klan Amstrada/Schneidera", a clan for the CPC and PCW computers was formed. Unfortunately, because of the typical profile of Polish CPC users, a Polish "scene" never formed, so there were no authors in the CPC clan who could portray the "Colour in CPC". Most articles were about practical applications of CPC and PCW.
Line 34:		Line 33:
	\|Arnold - Rozmowa z Joe Oki\|\|Arnold - interview with Joe Oki\|\|5-6/1986[''1'']\|\|6		\|Arnold - Rozmowa z Joe Oki\|\|Arnold - interview with Joe Oki\|\|5-6/1986[''1'']\|\|6
	\|-		\|-
	\|CPC 464\|\|~~n/a~~\|\|5-6/1986\|\|10		\|CPC 464\|\|CPC 464\|\|5-6/1986\|\|10
	\|-		\|-
	\|Mini organy\|\|Mini organ\|\|5-6/1986\|\|12		\|Mini organy\|\|Mini organ\|\|5-6/1986\|\|12
Line 48:		Line 47:
	\|Odzyskiwanie plików omyłkowo skasowanych na dyskietce (6128)\|\|Recovering data deleted from disc by accident (6128)\|\|7/1986\|\|19		\|Odzyskiwanie plików omyłkowo skasowanych na dyskietce (6128)\|\|Recovering data deleted from disc by accident (6128)\|\|7/1986\|\|19
	\|-		\|-
	\|CPC 6128\|\|~~n/a~~\|\|8/1986\|\|8		\|CPC 6128\|\|CPC 6128\|\|8/1986\|\|8
	\|-		\|-
	\|Menu dysku\|\|Disc menu\|\|8/1986\|\|8		\|Menu dysku\|\|Disc menu\|\|8/1986\|\|8
Line 93:		Line 92:
	\|''Title''\|\|''Title translation''\|\|''Issue''\|\|''Page''		\|''Title''\|\|''Title translation''\|\|''Issue''\|\|''Page''
	\|-		\|-
	\|PCW8512\|\|~~n/a~~\|\|1/1987\|\|20		\|PCW8512\|\|PCW8512\|\|1/1987\|\|20
	\|-		\|-
	\|Co piszczy pod klawiaturą (1-12)\|\|What squeaks under the keyboard (part 1 to 12)\|\|1-12/1987\|\|[''1'']		\|Co piszczy pod klawiaturą (1-12)\|\|What squeaks under the keyboard (part 1 to 12)\|\|1-12/1987\|\|[''1'']
Line 103:		Line 102:
	\|Zmiana krojów pisma\|\|Font changing\|\|4/1987\|\|15		\|Zmiana krojów pisma\|\|Font changing\|\|4/1987\|\|15
	\|-		\|-
	\|BASIC CPC 464\|\|~~n/a~~\|\|5/1987\|\|14		\|BASIC CPC 464\|\|BASIC CPC 464\|\|5/1987\|\|14
	\|-		\|-
	\|Języki programowania\|\|Programming languages\|\|6/1987\|\|13		\|Języki programowania\|\|Programming languages\|\|6/1987\|\|13

Swolicki: Corrected a number of grammatical, orthographic, and other minor errors.

2016-05-30T20:57:57Z

Corrected a number of grammatical, orthographic, and other minor errors.

Show changes

Faust19 at 09:49, 15 September 2014

2014-09-15T09:49:25Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:49, 15 September 2014
Line 118:		Line 118:
	\|}		\|}
	[''1''] - This article was 12 part, each one had been on diffrent page. I could list 12 entries, each one stating the correct page number, but, as I don't think, any of You collect Bajtek(now or will in the future), I don't see the point.		[''1''] - This article was 12 part, each one had been on diffrent page. I could list 12 entries, each one stating the correct page number, but, as I don't think, any of You collect Bajtek(now or will in the future), I don't see the point.

			=== Links & Download ===
			1. ZbyniuR at [http://www.speccy.pl Speccy.pl] (polish forum of spectrum & amstrad users) share a .dsk images of Bajtek's listing in [http://speccy.pl/forum/index.php/topic,1319.0.html this topic]. Some of this programs was rewritten with bug's fix or/and enriched additions to the original source.
			2. Scan's of Bajtek magazine is available on [http://atarionline.pl/v01/index.php?subaction=showfull&id=1234027498&archive=&start_from=0&ucat=8&amp%3Bsubaction=showfull&amp%3Bucat=8&ct=biblioteka#zin=Bajtek__rok=Wszystkie AtariOnLine] (Atari's user page) in djvu format.
			3. There is also a project [http://www.t2e.pl/pl/434/0/434/Projekty/ "Bajtek Reduks"], involving the transfer of the electronic document (PDF) the full content of the paper issue Bajtek.

	[[Category:CPC Press]] [[Category:Stub]]		[[Category:CPC Press]] [[Category:Stub]]

Polluks: /* History */ typos

2014-07-01T00:01:10Z

History: typos

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:01, 1 July 2014
Line 3:		Line 3:
	== History ==		== History ==
	[[image:Bajtek_01_85.jpg\|right\|thumb\|First issue of Bajtek]]		[[image:Bajtek_01_85.jpg\|right\|thumb\|First issue of Bajtek]]
	Bajtek was started in 1985 by Władysław Majewski, an editor of "Przegląd - Komputer" - insertion added to "Przegląd Techniczny". First issue would be published by "Krajowe Wydawnictwo Czasopism", but because it was started 'ad hoc', it didn't have paper allowance (dear reader - please remember, at this time Poland was a communist country), so it had to borrow paper. The "Sztandar Młodych" (Youth Banner), the newspaper of ZMP (Polish Youth Association - an organ of the communist party for the young communists) decided to lend paper for the Bajtek, and the first issue could be printed. It was continued by three other issues during the 1985 and all ~~200000~~ copies were sold on spot.		Bajtek was started in 1985 by Władysław Majewski, an editor of "Przegląd - Komputer" - insertion added to "Przegląd Techniczny". First issue would be published by "Krajowe Wydawnictwo Czasopism", but because it was started 'ad hoc', it didn't have paper allowance (dear reader - please remember, at this time Poland was a communist country), so it had to borrow paper. The "Sztandar Młodych" (Youth Banner), the newspaper of ZMP (Polish Youth Association - an organ of the communist party for the young communists) decided to lend paper for the Bajtek, and the first issue could be printed. It was continued by three other issues during the 1985 and all 200,000 copies were sold on spot.

	The "Sztandar Młodych" editor liked the idea of a computer magazine adresed at the young computer entusiasts (rather than at computer scientists - as all other polish computer magazines, at that time did), so much, that he decided to take it over.		The "Sztandar Młodych" editor liked the idea of a computer magazine adresed at the young computer entusiasts (rather than at computer scientists - as all other polish computer magazines, at that time did), so much, that he decided to take it over.

	[[image:Bajtek 01 86.jpg\|right\|thumb\|First full-color issue of Bajtek. Also notice the new logo]]		[[image:Bajtek 01 86.jpg\|right\|thumb\|First full-color issue of Bajtek. Also notice the new logo]]
	In the Fall of 1985, ~~The~~ editor of "Sztandar Młodych" Aleksander Kwaśniewski (who will later became President of Poland) become "minister do spraw młodzieży" (Youth minister? minister in matter of youth? Blah, communistic 'nomenclature' is really hard to translate and my english ain't good too), and his first decision, was to make Bajtek, a part of the "Sztandar Młodych" publishing house. Since 1986, until 1989 Bajtek was published by "Sztandar Młodych".		In the Fall of 1985, the editor of "Sztandar Młodych" Aleksander Kwaśniewski (who will later became President of Poland) become "minister do spraw młodzieży" (Youth minister? minister in matter of youth? Blah, communistic 'nomenclature' is really hard to translate and my english ain't good too), and his first decision, was to make Bajtek, a part of the "Sztandar Młodych" publishing house. Since 1986, until 1989 Bajtek was published by "Sztandar Młodych".

	In the year 1989, thanks to the 'Round Table', there were many changes in Poland. One of the most important, was the closing of the Office of Censorship and stoping of the press regulation. With that (and many other changes), Bajtek was divided from the "Sztandar Młodych" and continued on it own, published by Bajtek Publishing House, an co-operative stared by Bajtek redactors. It ran down until 1996, when bancrupcy of Agrobank had bringed Bajtek Publishing House to ~~it's~~ knees, eventualy bancrupting it too.		In the year 1989, thanks to the 'Round Table', there were many changes in Poland. One of the most important, was the closing of the Office of Censorship and stoping of the press regulation. With that (and many other changes), Bajtek was divided from the "Sztandar Młodych" and continued on it own, published by Bajtek Publishing House, an co-operative stared by Bajtek redactors. It ran down until 1996, when bancrupcy of Agrobank had bringed Bajtek Publishing House to its knees, eventualy bancrupting it too.

	== Bajtek and CPC ==		== Bajtek and CPC ==

MacDeath at 16:51, 17 December 2010

2010-12-17T16:51:25Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:51, 17 December 2010
Line 118:		Line 118:
	\|}		\|}
	[''1''] - This article was 12 part, each one had been on diffrent page. I could list 12 entries, each one stating the correct page number, but, as I don't think, any of You collect Bajtek(now or will in the future), I don't see the point.		[''1''] - This article was 12 part, each one had been on diffrent page. I could list 12 entries, each one stating the correct page number, but, as I don't think, any of You collect Bajtek(now or will in the future), I don't see the point.
	[[Category:CPC Press~~]] [[Category: Magazines~~]] [[Category:Stub]]		[[Category:CPC Press]] [[Category:Stub]]

83.26.118.161: /* 1987 */

2006-09-26T18:18:43Z

1987

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:18, 26 September 2006
Line 95:		Line 95:
	\|PCW8512\|\|n/a\|\|1/1987\|\|20		\|PCW8512\|\|n/a\|\|1/1987\|\|20
	\|-		\|-
	\|Co piszczy pod klawiaturą(1-12)\|\|What squeaks under the keyboard(part 1 to 12)\|\|1-12/1987\|\|[''1'']		\|Co piszczy pod klawiaturą (1-12)\|\|What squeaks under the keyboard (part 1 to 12)\|\|1-12/1987\|\|[''1'']
	\|-		\|-
	\|Węże\|\|Snakes\|\|2/1987\|\|11		\|Węże\|\|Snakes\|\|2/1987\|\|11
Line 117:		Line 117:
	\|Katalog\|\|Catalog\|\|12/1987\|\|12		\|Katalog\|\|Catalog\|\|12/1987\|\|12
	\|}		\|}
	[''1'']] - This article was 12 part, each one had been on diffrent page. I could list 12 entries, each one stating the correct page number, but, as I don't think, any of You collect Bajtek(now or will in the future), I don't see the point.		[''1''] - This article was 12 part, each one had been on diffrent page. I could list 12 entries, each one stating the correct page number, but, as I don't think, any of You collect Bajtek(now or will in the future), I don't see the point.
	[[Category:CPC Press]] [[Category: Magazines]] [[Category:Stub]]		[[Category:CPC Press]] [[Category: Magazines]] [[Category:Stub]]

83.26.118.161: /* 1986 */

2006-09-26T18:17:52Z

1986

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:17, 26 September 2006
Line 46:		Line 46:
	\|Zabezpieczenia\|\|Protections\|\|7/1986\|\|19		\|Zabezpieczenia\|\|Protections\|\|7/1986\|\|19
	\|-		\|-
	\|Odzyskiwanie plików omyłkowo skasowanych na dyskietce(6128)\|\|Recovering data deleted from disc by accident(6128)\|\|7/1986\|\|19		\|Odzyskiwanie plików omyłkowo skasowanych na dyskietce (6128)\|\|Recovering data deleted from disc by accident (6128)\|\|7/1986\|\|19
	\|-		\|-
	\|CPC 6128\|\|n/a\|\|8/1986\|\|8		\|CPC 6128\|\|n/a\|\|8/1986\|\|8
Line 62:		Line 62:
	\|Powiększanie napisów\|\|Enlarging the Signs\|\|8/1986\|\|11		\|Powiększanie napisów\|\|Enlarging the Signs\|\|8/1986\|\|11
	\|-		\|-
	\|Jednoręki bandyta\|\|Blackjack(?)\|\|9/1986\|\|12		\|Jednoręki bandyta\|\|Blackjack (?)\|\|9/1986\|\|12
	\|-		\|-
	\|Magnetofon i Amstrad\|\|Amstrad and the tape recorder\|\|9/1986\|\|14		\|Magnetofon i Amstrad\|\|Amstrad and the tape recorder\|\|9/1986\|\|14

83.26.118.161: /* 1986 */

2006-09-26T18:17:18Z

1986

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:17, 26 September 2006
Line 38:		Line 38:
	\|Mini organy\|\|Mini organ\|\|5-6/1986\|\|12		\|Mini organy\|\|Mini organ\|\|5-6/1986\|\|12
	\|-		\|-
	\|Drugi drążek sterowy\|\|Second Joystick\|\|5/6/1986\|\|13		\|Drugi drążek sterowy\|\|Second Joystick\|\|5-6/1986\|\|13
	\|-		\|-
	\|Pisać zamiast pisac\|\|Imposible to translate - this was article about polish diacritical signs\|\|5-6/1986\|\|13		\|Pisać zamiast pisac\|\|Imposible to translate - this was article about polish diacritical signs\|\|5-6/1986\|\|13

83.26.118.161: /* 1986 */

2006-09-26T18:16:49Z

1986

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:16, 26 September 2006
Line 32:		Line 32:
	\|''Title''\|\|''Title translation''\|\|''Issue''\|\|''Page''		\|''Title''\|\|''Title translation''\|\|''Issue''\|\|''Page''
	\|-		\|-
	\|Arnold - Rozmowa z Joe Oki\|\|Arnold - interview with Joe Oki\|\|5/6/1986[''1'']\|\|6		\|Arnold - Rozmowa z Joe Oki\|\|Arnold - interview with Joe Oki\|\|5-6/1986[''1'']\|\|6
	\|-		\|-
	\|CPC 464\|\|n/a\|\|5/6/1986\|\|10		\|CPC 464\|\|n/a\|\|5-6/1986\|\|10
	\|-		\|-
	\|Mini organy\|\|Mini organ\|\|5/6/1986\|\|12		\|Mini organy\|\|Mini organ\|\|5-6/1986\|\|12
	\|-		\|-
	\|Drugi drążek sterowy\|\|Second Joystick\|\|5/6/1986\|\|13		\|Drugi drążek sterowy\|\|Second Joystick\|\|5/6/1986\|\|13
	\|-		\|-
	\|Pisać zamiast pisac\|\|Imposible to translate - this was article about polish diacritical signs\|\|5/6/1986\|\|13		\|Pisać zamiast pisac\|\|Imposible to translate - this was article about polish diacritical signs\|\|5-6/1986\|\|13
	\|-		\|-
	\|Animacja\|\|Animation\|\|5/6/1986\|\|14		\|Animacja\|\|Animation\|\|5-6/1986\|\|14
	\|-		\|-
	\|Zabezpieczenia\|\|Protections\|\|7/1986\|\|19		\|Zabezpieczenia\|\|Protections\|\|7/1986\|\|19
Line 74:		Line 74:
	\|Transmat\|\|???\|\|10/1986\|\|15		\|Transmat\|\|???\|\|10/1986\|\|15
	\|-		\|-
	\|Polskie litery\|\|Polish ~~letters~~(again about polish diacritical signs)\|\|11/1986\|\|8		\|Polskie litery\|\|Polish letter (again about polish diacritical signs)\|\|11/1986\|\|8
	\|-		\|-
	\|Trochę ruchu...\|\|Some movement...\|\|11/1986\|\|8		\|Trochę ruchu...\|\|Some movement...\|\|11/1986\|\|8

83.26.118.161: /* Bajtek and CPC */

2006-09-26T18:14:51Z

Bajtek and CPC

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:14, 26 September 2006
Line 14:		Line 14:
	== Bajtek and CPC ==		== Bajtek and CPC ==

	On the beginning, Bajtek had mainly articles about computers from "private import"(more communistic 'nomenclature'), particulary about ZX Spectrum, which became quite popular in Poland in the first half of the 80'ies, mainly because of it's price. In the 1986, there was an advent of 'clans' - subparts of Bajtek, each dedicated to only one machine/producer(All Ataris, All Commodores and so on).		On the beginning, Bajtek had mainly articles about computers from "private import" (more communistic 'nomenclature'), particulary about ZX Spectrum, which became quite popular in Poland in the first half of the 80'ies, mainly because of it's price. In the 1986, there was an advent of 'clans' - subparts of Bajtek, each dedicated to only one machine/producer (All Ataris, All Commodores and so on).

	By that time, the popularity of the CPC in Poland was rising. That was, to the simple fact, that CPC were (thanks to CP/M+ and 80 column mode) considered as cheap alternative to IBM PC and other 'professional machines'. Personally, I've heard about CPC applications in scientific calculations, witch on it own shows how this trend was strong. That was because even institutions(like universities) couldn't allow themselfs for substantial amounts of PCs. Poland was (at that time) very poor country and high exchange rates added to the problem. Also, there was COCOM, which meant that really big machines were out-of-reach.		By that time, the popularity of the CPC in Poland was rising. That was, to the simple fact, that CPC were (thanks to CP/M+ and 80 column mode) considered as cheap alternative to IBM PC and other 'professional machines'. Personally, I've heard about CPC applications in scientific calculations, witch on it own shows how this trend was strong. That was because even institutions (like universities) couldn't allow themselfs for substantial amounts of PCs. Poland was (at that time) very poor country and high exchange rates added to the problem. Also, there was COCOM, which meant that really big machines were out-of-reach.

	Also, the bulit-in Cetronics port of the Schneiders allowed very easy producing of so called "Publikacje bezdebitowe"('debitless' publications). Debit is a word from french, meaning 'to sell', 'place of selling' and 'bez-' is a polish word for without. At that time, if you wanted to distribute your publication, you had to have 'debit', an allowance from Office of Censorship. So, in short, "bezdebitowe" or 'debitless' publications were illegal 'papers' distributed by underground. As they usally been produced in quantities of around 200 copies, The CPC with good NLQ printer and possibly a copier was all you need to fight with communism. Needless to say, CPC became quite popular in underground.		Also, the bulit-in Cetronics port of the Schneiders allowed very easy producing of so called "Publikacje bezdebitowe" ('debitless' publications). Debit is a word from french, meaning 'to sell', 'place of selling' and 'bez-' is a polish word for "without". At that time, if you wanted to distribute your publication, you had to have 'debit', an allowance from Office of Censorship. So, in short, "bezdebitowe" or 'debitless' publications were illegal 'papers' distributed by underground. As they usally been produced in quantities of around 200 copies, The CPC with good NLQ printer and possibly a copier was all you need to fight with communism. Needless to say, CPC became quite popular in underground.

	Thanks to that, CPC was noticed by Bajtek and The "Klan Amstrada/Schneidera", a clan for the CPC and PCW computers was also formed. Unfortunatly, because of the typical profile of polish CPC users, polish 'scene' never formed, so there weren't autors in "CPC clan" who could portrey the "Colour in CPC". Most articles was about practical applications of CPC and PCW.		Thanks to that, CPC was noticed by Bajtek and The "Klan Amstrada/Schneidera", a clan for the CPC and PCW computers was also formed. Unfortunatly, because of the typical profile of polish CPC users, polish 'scene' never formed, so there weren't autors in "CPC clan" who could portrey the "Colour in CPC". Most articles was about practical applications of CPC and PCW.