Atari 8-bit - Revision history

Phi2x: /* Hardware */

2025-05-03T02:31:28Z

Hardware

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:31, 3 May 2025
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	==Hardware==		==Hardware==

	The 400/800 originally used the standard 6502B CPU. Later 400/800 CPU ~~board was released that~~ used the SALLY 6502C (the C is for custom, not CMOS) chip. The SALLY chip equipped all new Atari 400 & 800, and their successors.		The 400/800 originally used the standard 6502B CPU. Later 400/800 CPU boards used the SALLY 6502C (the C is for custom, not CMOS) chip. The SALLY chip equipped all new Atari 400 & 800, and their successors.

	POKEY (POt KEYboard integrated circuit) is a digital Input/Output chip. It handles such disparate tasks as the SIO bus and its peripherals, audio generation, keyboard scan, and random number generation. It also digitizes the resistive paddle inputs and controls maskable interrupt (IRQ) requests from peripherals.		POKEY (POt KEYboard integrated circuit) is a digital Input/Output chip. It handles such disparate tasks as the SIO bus and its peripherals, audio generation, keyboard scan, and random number generation. It also digitizes the resistive paddle inputs and controls maskable interrupt (IRQ) requests from peripherals.

Phi2x at 02:30, 3 May 2025

2025-05-03T02:30:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:30, 3 May 2025
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	[[File:Atari XE Games System-gen1.jpeg\|thumb\|right\|Atari XEGS]]		[[File:Atari XE Games System-gen1.jpeg\|thumb\|right\|Atari XEGS]]

	The [[Atari 8-bit]] computer series, launched in 1979 as the Atari Home Computer System, included the Atari 400 and 800. Powered by the 8-bit MOS Technology 6502 CPU and custom coprocessors, these computers offered advanced graphics and sound for their time.		The [[Atari 8-bit]] computer series, launched in 1979 as the Atari Home Computer System, included the Atari 400 and 800. Powered by the 8-bit MOS Technology [[6502]] CPU and custom coprocessors, these computers offered advanced graphics and sound for their time.

	The Atari 800 was the high-end model, while the 400 was a budget-friendly option with a membrane keyboard and 8 KB of RAM. Both supported plug-and-play peripherals via the Atari SIO (Serial I/O) bus, a precursor to USB technology. The architecture was later used in the 1982 Atari 5200 console, though the systems were not software-compatible.		The Atari 800 was the high-end model, while the 400 was a budget-friendly option with a membrane keyboard and 8 KB of RAM. Both supported plug-and-play peripherals via the Atari SIO (Serial I/O) bus, a precursor to USB technology. The architecture was later used in the 1982 Atari 5200 console, though the systems were not software-compatible.

Phi2x: /* Hardware */

2025-05-03T02:30:06Z

Hardware

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:30, 3 May 2025
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	The 400/800 originally used the standard 6502B CPU. Later 400/800 CPU board was released that used the SALLY 6502C (the C is for custom, not CMOS) chip. The SALLY chip equipped all new Atari 400 & 800, and their successors.		The 400/800 originally used the standard 6502B CPU. Later 400/800 CPU board was released that used the SALLY 6502C (the C is for custom, not CMOS) chip. The SALLY chip equipped all new Atari 400 & 800, and their successors.

	~~In addition to its 1.79 Mhz [[MOS 6502\|6502]] CPU, the Atari computer offloads some of the work to its specialized chips: ANTIC, CTIA & POKEY.~~

	POKEY (POt KEYboard integrated circuit) is a digital Input/Output chip. It handles such disparate tasks as the SIO bus and its peripherals, audio generation, keyboard scan, and random number generation. It also digitizes the resistive paddle inputs and controls maskable interrupt (IRQ) requests from peripherals.		POKEY (POt KEYboard integrated circuit) is a digital Input/Output chip. It handles such disparate tasks as the SIO bus and its peripherals, audio generation, keyboard scan, and random number generation. It also digitizes the resistive paddle inputs and controls maskable interrupt (IRQ) requests from peripherals.

Phi2x: /* Hardware */

2025-05-03T02:26:43Z

Hardware

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:26, 3 May 2025
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	\| Raster Lines per Frame \|\| 312 \|\| 262		\| Raster Lines per Frame \|\| 312 \|\| 262
	\|-		\|-
	\| CPU Cycles per Line ~~<small>(Standard)</small>~~ \|\| 114 \|\| 114		\| CPU Cycles per Line \|\| 114 \|\| 114
	\|-		\|-
	\| Total CPU Cycles per Frame \|\| 35,568 \|\| 29,868		\| Total CPU Cycles per Frame \|\| 35,568 \|\| 29,868

Phi2x at 02:25, 3 May 2025

2025-05-03T02:25:57Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:25, 3 May 2025
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	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	! Parameter !! PAL Atari ~~XL/XE~~ !! NTSC Atari ~~XL/XE~~		! Parameter !! PAL Atari 8-bit !! NTSC Atari 8-bit
	\|-		\|-
	\| Master Clock Frequency \|\| 17.734475 MHz \|\| 14.31818 MHz		\| Master Clock Frequency \|\| 17.734475 MHz \|\| 14.31818 MHz

Phi2x: /* Hardware */

2025-05-03T02:25:04Z

Hardware

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:25, 3 May 2025
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	\| Master Clock Frequency \|\| 17.734475 MHz \|\| 14.31818 MHz		\| Master Clock Frequency \|\| 17.734475 MHz \|\| 14.31818 MHz
	\|-		\|-
	\| Clock Divider ~~<small>(Master to CPU)</small>~~ \|\| 10 \|\| 8		\| Clock Divider\|\| 10 \|\| 8
	\|-		\|-
	\| CPU Clock Speed ~~<small>(6502C)</small>~~ \|\| 1,773,447 Hz ~~<br /><small>(~1.77 MHz)</small>~~ \|\| 1,789,772 Hz ~~<br /><small>(~1.79 MHz)</small>~~		\| CPU Clock Speed \|\| 1,773,447 Hz \|\| 1,789,772 Hz
	\|-		\|-
	\| Raster Lines per Frame \|\| 312 \|\| 262		\| Raster Lines per Frame \|\| 312 \|\| 262

Phi2x: /* Hardware */

2025-05-03T02:24:12Z

Hardware

@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
 In addition to its 1.79 Mhz [[MOS 6502|6502]] CPU, the Atari computer offloads some of the work to its specialized chips: ANTIC, CTIA & POKEY.
 ANTIC and CTIA together produce the graphics, up to a resolution of 320x192 pixels, sprites, scrolling in any direction, different graphic modes that can be mixed on the same screen, etc.
@@ Line 28: / Line 30: @@
 When launched in the US, the Atari 400 & 800 came with a CTIA (Color Television Interface Adapter) chip, which offered 9 graphic and text modes (GR.0-8) in Atari BASIC and a 128-colour palette. In early 1982, CTIA was replaced by GTIA (Graphic Television Interface Adapter), which provided 3 additional graphics modes (GR.9-10-11) in Atari BASIC, with a 256-colour palette. The GTIA chip equipped all new Atari 400 & 800, and their successors.
-POKEY (POt KEYboard integrated circuit) is a digital Input/Output chip. It handles such disparate tasks as the SIO bus and its peripherals, audio generation, keyboard scan, and random number generation. It also digitizes the resistive paddle inputs and controls maskable interrupt (IRQ) requests from peripherals.
+{| class="wikitable"
 ==Links==

Phi2x: /* Hardware */

2025-05-03T01:45:34Z

Hardware

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:45, 3 May 2025
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	When launched in the US, the Atari 400 & 800 came with a CTIA (Color Television Interface Adapter) chip, which offered 9 graphic and text modes (GR.0-8) in Atari BASIC and a 128-colour palette. In early 1982, CTIA was replaced by GTIA (Graphic Television Interface Adapter), which provided 3 additional graphics modes (GR.9-10-11) in Atari BASIC, with a 256-colour palette. The GTIA chip equipped all new Atari 400 & 800, and their successors.		When launched in the US, the Atari 400 & 800 came with a CTIA (Color Television Interface Adapter) chip, which offered 9 graphic and text modes (GR.0-8) in Atari BASIC and a 128-colour palette. In early 1982, CTIA was replaced by GTIA (Graphic Television Interface Adapter), which provided 3 additional graphics modes (GR.9-10-11) in Atari BASIC, with a 256-colour palette. The GTIA chip equipped all new Atari 400 & 800, and their successors.

	POKEY (POt KEYboard integrated circuit) is a digital Input/Output chip. It handles such disparate tasks as the ~~serial I/O (~~SIO) bus and its peripherals, audio generation, keyboard scan, and random number generation. It also digitizes the resistive paddle inputs and controls maskable interrupt (IRQ) requests from peripherals.		POKEY (POt KEYboard integrated circuit) is a digital Input/Output chip. It handles such disparate tasks as the SIO bus and its peripherals, audio generation, keyboard scan, and random number generation. It also digitizes the resistive paddle inputs and controls maskable interrupt (IRQ) requests from peripherals.

	==Links==		==Links==

Phi2x at 01:44, 3 May 2025

2025-05-03T01:44:16Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:44, 3 May 2025
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	The [[Atari 8-bit]] computer series, launched in 1979 as the Atari Home Computer System, included the Atari 400 and 800. Powered by the 8-bit MOS Technology 6502 CPU and custom coprocessors, these computers offered advanced graphics and sound for their time.		The [[Atari 8-bit]] computer series, launched in 1979 as the Atari Home Computer System, included the Atari 400 and 800. Powered by the 8-bit MOS Technology 6502 CPU and custom coprocessors, these computers offered advanced graphics and sound for their time.

	The Atari 800 was the high-end model, while the 400 was a budget-friendly option with a membrane keyboard and 8 KB of RAM. Both supported plug-and-play peripherals via the Atari SIO ~~serial~~ bus, a precursor to USB technology. The architecture was later used in the 1982 Atari 5200 console, though the systems were not software-compatible.		The Atari 800 was the high-end model, while the 400 was a budget-friendly option with a membrane keyboard and 8 KB of RAM. Both supported plug-and-play peripherals via the Atari SIO (Serial I/O) bus, a precursor to USB technology. The architecture was later used in the 1982 Atari 5200 console, though the systems were not software-compatible.

	Newer models followed, beginning with the short-lived 1200XL in 1983, replaced by the 600XL and 800XL. After Atari Corporation took over, the 65XE and 130XE were released in 1985, featuring a lighter design, two joystick ports, and built-in Atari BASIC. The 130XE had 128 KB of RAM.		Newer models followed, beginning with the short-lived 1200XL in 1983, replaced by the 600XL and 800XL. After Atari Corporation took over, the 65XE and 130XE were released in 1985, featuring a lighter design, two joystick ports, and built-in Atari BASIC. The 130XE had 128 KB of RAM.

Phi2x: /* Links */

2025-05-03T01:39:34Z

Links

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:39, 3 May 2025
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	*[https://youtu.be/57CNQ7xp69o Over 50 Atari 400/800 games in under 30 minutes] [https://youtu.be/06oF6gGybZI 1000 Atari 8-bit games]		*[https://youtu.be/57CNQ7xp69o Over 50 Atari 400/800 games in under 30 minutes] [https://youtu.be/06oF6gGybZI 1000 Atari 8-bit games]
	*[https://youtu.be/WDAZAgrzNoo How Atari 8-Bit Computers Work!] by [[The 8-Bit Guy]]		*[https://youtu.be/WDAZAgrzNoo How Atari 8-Bit Computers Work!] by [[The 8-Bit Guy]]
			* [https://www.atariarchives.org/dere/ De Re Atari] [https://www.musanim.com/mam/DeReAtari.pdf PDF version]
	* [[media:Atari 400-800 Service Manual.pdf\|Atari 400-800 Service Manual]]		* [[media:Atari 400-800 Service Manual.pdf\|Atari 400-800 Service Manual]]
	* [[media:Pokey datasheet.pdf\|POKEY]] [[media:GTIA datasheet.pdf\|GTIA]] [[media:ANTIC datasheet.pdf\|ANTIC]] Datasheets		* [[media:Pokey datasheet.pdf\|POKEY]] [[media:GTIA datasheet.pdf\|GTIA]] [[media:ANTIC datasheet.pdf\|ANTIC]] Datasheets